Walter Houser Brattain discovered the photo-effect that occurs at the free surface of a semiconductor and was co-creator of the point-contact transistor, which paved the way for the more advanced types of transistors that eventually...

This site is an excellent, higher level, introduction to nanotubes and how they might be used.

This site from Physics Web gives information on the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physics. It was awarded to Zhores Alferov and Herbert Kroemer for the invention of semiconductor lasers, integrated circuits and other high-speed electronic devices....