A description of the invasion of the Gaul and Spain of the Roman Empire by the Vandals. Includes information about their eventual downfall.

Article examines the technology the Romans brought with them when they invaded Britain in AD 43. From their missile-throwing machines to surveying materials and signaling flags, it's easy to see how the Romans quickly overtook the native...

This site provides an interpretation of early Christian history as seen by religious liberals and historians. Includes Pauline Christianity, Jewish Christianity, and Gnostic Christianity. Details early movements by each branch to revolt...

A scholarly investigation into the question of why the Romans did not repair the Forum in Pompeii after the earthquake of 62 C.E (17 years before the eruption of Mt Vesuvius).

Created for the high school student who is taking classes in European history.

This site from the Roman-Empire.net provides information on the Second Triumvirate (Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus) and an explanation of what happened after Caesar's death.

The spade was but little used in ancient husbandry, the ground having been broken and turned over by the plough, and also by the use of large hoes and rakes. The preceding woodcut, taken a deceased countryman with his falx and bidens,...

An outer garment. The English cloak, though commonly adopted as the translation of these terms, conveys no accurate conception of the form, material, or use of that which they denoted. The article designated by them was always a...

The cloak worn by a Roman general commanding an army, his principal officers and personal attendants, in contradistinction to the sagum of the common soldiers, and the toga or garb of peace. It was the practice for a Roman magistrate,...

A round shield, three feet in diameter, carried by the celites in the Roman army. Though small, compared with the Clipeus, it was so strongly made as to be a very effectual protection. This was probably owing to the use of iron in its...