Explains the logical theory of "many-valued logic," a modern alternative to classic logic. Sections address its history, notation and proofs, and applications to linguistics, mathematics, philosophy, and artificial intelligence. For the...

This site from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy discusses the logical theory of true contradictions, known as paraconsistent logic. Article addresses the history of the theory's development and a technical presentation of its...

Describes the notion of "dialetheism," the logical theory of true contradictions. Explains its history of development, its philosophical consequences, and its significance for rationality. Excellent bibliography.