Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Containment and the Marshall Plan
Read about President Truman's two-pronged foreign policy for Europe. Find out about his containment policy and the Truman Doctrine, which was manifested in the Marshall Plan.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Cold War Erupts
World War II ended in 1945 and the Cold War began immediately. Read about the mistrust Western Europe and the United States felt towards the Soviet Union and Joseph Stalin. Learn how the Soviets expanded their realm of influence and...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: War in the Pacific
The war in the Pacific raged throughout World War II. Read about the Japanese early successes, and see how the American troops recaptured and moved closer to Japan at the end of the war.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Wartime Stategy
Initial focus by the Americans in World War II was containing Germany. Read about the Allied war stategy to "close the ring" and deprive Germany of men and materiel.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: America in the Second World War
A brief description of the course of World War II in both Europe and the Pacific. Read about the new technologies developed for the military by both the Allies and Axis powers, and find out about the millions who died as a result of the...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Arsenal of Democracy
Although Americans remained isolationist in their thinking, President Roosevelt understood that the European allies needed help against the Germans. Read about the incremental ways America became involved in World War II in Europe...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: War Breaks Out
A brief look at the expansionist moves of Japan in China, including a description of the Rape of Nanking. Also read about the military expansionism in Europe and Africa by both Germany and Italy, finally resulting in a declaration of war...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: 1930s Isolationism
Read about the ways the American government and people looked inward during the 1930s, isolating themselves from actions taking place in Europe and Asia.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Road to Pearl Harbor
A brief overview of the decade prior to the American entrance into World War II. Read about the rise in militarism in both Europe and Japan.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Middle Colonies: New Netherland to New York
Ironically, Henry Hudson, English explorer, was in the employ of the Dutch West India Company when he explored what is now the New York area. Read about the colony the Dutch established at the mouth of the Hudson River and see how the...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: An Evaluation of the New Deal
No discussion about the Great Depression can be complete without a look at the legacy of Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal programs. Read about the changes and effects on the economy brought about by the programs, but see what...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Roosevelt's Critics
Franklin Roosevelt had many critics, many of whom criticized him for not going far enough with his New Deal legislation. Read about three such critics and their plans.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Fdr's Alphabet Soup
Amazing number of agencies formed as a result of New Deal legislation. Read about the agencies and legislation whose acronyms have become part of governmental history.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A Bank Holiday
Actions taken by Franklin D. Roosevelt upon becoming president in 1933. Read about how he took immediate steps to restore confidence in the banking segment of the American economy.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Bonus March
Read how anger about the increasing hardships affecting people in the Great Depression resulted in a march on Washington, D.C., by veterans of World War I. See what the demands were of the so-called Bonus Army, and how the demands were met.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Domestic and International Politics
Read about the politics, both domestic and international, of the three presidents in the 1920s. Domestic scandals and attempts to patch international problems stood out in this decade.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Intolerance
The 1920s was a time of intolerance and a return to nativism, a claim to return to American values, defined as those held by white, western European descendents. Read about the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan, restriction on immigration,...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Red Scare
A dark side to the Jazz Age was the increase in the fear of Communism. Read about the federal government's actions to stem anything that was thought to threaten American security.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A Consumer Economy
The booming economy of the 1920s introduced new products and ways of paying for those products. Read about the increase in the kinds of household appliances, places to buy the appliances, and the financing of all those new consumer goods.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Flappers
The liberation of women as expressed by the flappers of the 1920s was in stark contrast to the actions of women in the Victorian Age. Read about how flappers expressed their freedom in fashion, employment, and leisure activities.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Fight Against "Demon Rum"
The Eighteenth Amendment showed how difficult it is to legislate morality. Read about the advantages of Prohibition, especially in terms of public health. The disadvantages far outweighed the advantages. See how lawlessness increased...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Age of the Automobile
Henry Ford's use of the assembly line to manufacture his automobiles led to many ramifications. Read about the spin-off industries created by the growth of the automobile industry, and see what impact the auto had on culture.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Over Here
World War I was not fought by Americans just in Europe. Read about the many ways people at home helped the war effort. See how badly German-Americans were treated as anti-German passions were fueled.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: New England Colonies: Reaching to Connecticut
Read about how the colony of Connecticut grew from an expansion of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. See how Thomas Hooker's idea of government resulted in a model of colonial charters, and find out how two very different settlements in...